Bacteriological profile of urinary tract infections in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital

Background and aims: People with Diabetes mellitus, a highly prevalent endocrine disorder, are prone to various infections, including urinary tract infections. E. Coli causes the vast majority of urinary tract infections. This paper aims to evaluate the bacteriological profile of urinary tract infections among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods: The institution-based observational study was conducted on 95 patients attending the outpatients and inpatient departments of Medicine and Endocrinology at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH). All patients had undergone urine routine and microscopy, urine culture and sensitivity with colony counts, FBS, PPBS, Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Renal function test, Ultrasound abdomen and X-ray KUB & CT Scan of the abdomen, if necessary. Results: The study showed that in the urine culture, 70.5% of the patients had E. Coli, 10.5% had Klebsiella, 5.3% had Proteus, 4.2% had Enterococci, 3.1% had candida and 1.1% each had Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus. At the same time, the urine culture of 4.2% of patients had shown no growth. Antibiotic sensitivity based on urine culture evaluation showed that most E.coli were sensitive to Meropenem, followed by Piperacillin-Tazobactum and Nitrofurantoin. Klebsiella was sensitive to Meropenem, Ampicillin and Piperacillin-Tazobactum. Proteus were sensitive to Piperacillin-Tazobactum and Meropenem. Conclusion: E. coli was the most typical organism isolated from urine cultures of patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, followed by Klebsiella. Most strains were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin, Ampicillin, Piperacillin-Tazobactum and Meropenem.

Keywords: E. Coli; Klebsiella;  urine culture; Nitrofurantoin.