ABSTRACT
The evolving healthcare landscape of the past three decades highlights the need for clinicians who are not only scientifically skilled but also compassionate and culturally aware. The traditional concept of "cultural competence" aimed to equip healthcare professionals with cultural knowledge; however, its limitations, including the promotion of stereotypes and a superficial understanding, have become apparent. This led to the adoption of cultural humility, a more comprehensive framework that emphasises ongoing self-evaluation, self-critique, and continuous learning from patient and colleague interactions. Cultural humility addresses power imbalances in the physician-patient dynamic by positioning patients as experts of their own experiences, thereby strengthening community relationships, illuminating injustices, and contributing to equitable care. Cultural humility is a continuous, lifelong commitment to provide equitable, compassionate, and effective care in an increasingly diverse world. Cultural humility transcends a checklist approach in global health education, acknowledging the limitations of one's cultural knowledge, which is particularly crucial in international contexts. Mentoring programmes are vital for nurturing cultural humility, promoting both intrapersonal (self-assessment of limitations) and interpersonal (understanding others' perspectives) humility. The medical field's historical mistreatment of LGBTQ+ individuals underscores the need for cultural humility, which compels clinicians to examine their biases and prioritise patient perspectives, recognising the intersectional nature of identity and health. Engaging students in cultural humility requires creating safe learning environments, contextualising it within clinical topics, leveraging the humanities, and incorporating collaborative experiential learning with community health workers, as well as using reflective journaling. This review paper examines various aspects of cultural humility, including its role in global health education, its transformative potential through mentorship, its relevance to the LGBTQ+ community, its connection to health equity, and innovative strategies for enhancing student engagement. 
Keywords: Cultural humility; cultural competence; global engagement; student development; mentor; LGBTQ.